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Question bank MD DNB Anaesthesia

MD DNB ANAESTHESIA ANAESTHESIOLOGY TOPIC WISE QUESTION BANK RGUHS NTRUHS MGUHS

1. What are the ingredients of professional negligence? Write a note on informed consent

2. Describe consent in anaesthesia practice including ethical and legal aspects

3. Informed consent

4. Vicarious liability for negligence

5. Utility of anaesthetic records

6. Effect of anaesthesia and surgery on immunological mechanism

7. o Safe anaesthetic procedure

8. o Simulators in anaesthesia training

9. o Computer based patient record for anaesthesia

10. o Stress management in anaesthesia practice

11. o Ethics in anaesthesia

12. o Write briefly on research ethics

13. o Stress response to trauma and surgery

14. o Evidence Based Medical education

15. o Discuss the role of EBM in anaesthesiapractice. Quote few examples(June

16. o Communication skill and anaesthesiologist

17. o Describe role of patient simulator in anesthesia and critical care traninig, mentioning few clinical scenarios where it can be useful.

18. o Sleep,Memory and Consciousness

19. o Write down the physiology of sleep. How does it differ from anaesthesia? What phases occur during various stages of anaesthesia

20. o PHYSIOLOGY

21. o Clinical tests for evaluation of autonomic nervous system

22. o A 50 year old male and known diabetic is scheduled for upper abdominal surgery. How will you evaluate the ANS?

23. o How is autonomic neuropathy evaluated preoperatively? What is its significance in anaesthesia?

24. o What are the signs and symptoms of autonomic neuropathy? What is its significance and how is it evaluated preoperatively

25. o CNS Physiology

26. o Regulation of CBF

27. o Regulation of

28. o How is CBF regulated? What is the effect of various anaesthetic drugs on CBF?

29. o What is cerebral autoregulation? Discuss the implications of various inhalational anaesthetic agents on cerebral auroregulation

30. o Write and illustrate blood supply of brain. What is cerebral perfusion pressure(CPP)? What factors can affect CPP?

31. o Neuromuscular Physiology and Pharmacology

32. o Neuromuscular transmission

33. o Briefly describe the physiology of NMJ. Name the commonly used cholinesterrase inhibitors and any one in detail with its relevance in anesthesia

34. o Respiratory Physiology

35. oDC

36. oxygen cascade,oxygen transport and Oxygen Dissociation Curve

37. o Describe the oxygen hemoglobin dissociation curve. How does it differ from the carbon dioxide dissociation curve? What is Haldane effect?

38. o What is oxygen flux? Draw oxygen hemoglobin dissociation curve and enumerate the factors producing leftward and rightward shift of the curve

39. o FRC

40. o Define FRC. What is its significance in anaesthesia?

41. o Define FRC and closing volume. Describe their clinical significance

42. o Eneumerate the causes of impairement of respiratory function during anesthesia. Which intervention can prevent atelectesis during anesthesia

43. o Draw a labeled diagram showing various lung volume and capacities. Discuss the importance of FRC in anesthetic practice

44. o Closing volume of the lung and its measurement

45. o Lung compliance

46. o Discuss the distribution of ventilation and perfusion in a normal lung with the help of a labeled diagram. What are the factors affecting ventilation perfusion ratio?

47. o Describe the metabolic functions of the lung

48. o What are the major causes of hypoxemia? What is HPV? How can GA worsen v/q mismatch

49. o Define Fink effect,Diffusion hypoxia and second gas effect. How are they of importance to the anaesthetist?

50. o Define and classify dead space ventilation. Define minute ventilation. Under what conditions is minute ventilation increased?

51. o 16)Cardiac Physiology

52. o Describe the arterial circulation of the heart with the aid of a diagram mentioning the unique features of coronary blood flow. Explain the Goldman’s cardiac risk index and its importance to the anaesthetist

53. o Factors affecting coronary circulation

54. o Describe coronary circulation. Discuss factors affecting oxygen demand and supply to the myocardium

55. o Hepatic Physiology-Pathology

56. o Plasma proteins and anaesthesia

57. o Discuss synthetic functions of the liver. What is the role of albumin in pharmacokinetics?

58. o Renal Physiology

59. o Role of kidney in acid base balance

60. o Define base excess. How do kidneys compensate for acid base balance?

61. o Describe the countercurrent mechanism in the kidney. Discuss the renal protection strategies during perioperative period

62. o Basic Principles of Pharmacology.

63. o infusion of drugs in anaesthesia

64. o Interactions of pre-existing drug therapy with anaesthetic agents and techniques

65. o Drug interactions(June 2006)

66. o Enzyme induction-describe the mechanism with routine anaesthesia examples

67. o Enzyme induction-its role in anaesthesia with examples

68. o Transdermal administration of drugs

69. o Draw the structure of acetylcholine receptor(ach). Describe the changes that occurs in acetylcholine receptors when Ach binds at the receptor site

70. o Inhaled Anaesthetics , delivery and IV drugs

71. o Minimum alveolar concentration

72. o Sevoflurane

73. o SevofluraneVsDesflurane

74. o Nitrousoxide:current status

75. o Compare and contrast Sevoflurane and isoflurane

76. o Define minimum alveolar concentration. What are the factors affecting MAC? What is its significance in anaesthesia?

77. o Define minimum alveolar concentration. Describe briefly the methods used to measure the depth of anesthesia

78. o Inhaled Anaesthetics-Uptake and Distribution

79. o Concentration effect and second gas effect produced during uptake of inhalational agent

80. o Nitrous oxide-current status in anaesthesia practice

81. o Define MAC. What are the types of MAC? Describe the role of blood gas and oil gas solubility of volatile anesthetics

82. o CVS Pharmacology

83. o CCB’s in surgical patients

84. o Compare and contrast dopamine and dobutamine as an inotropic agent

85. o Classify inotropes on the basis of their mechanism of actions. Compare dopamine and dobutamine

86. o Classify antihypertensive drugs. Describe the management of hypertensive emergency

87. o Classify antihypertensive drugs. Describe the management of a hypertensive episode during anaesthesia

88. o Inhaled Anaesthetics-Metabolism and Distribution

89. o Nephrotoxicity of halogenated anaesthetics

90. o Merits and demerits of halothane and isoflurane

91. o Hepatotoxicity of halothane

92. o Nephrotoxicity of fluorinated anaesthetics

93. o Inhaled Anaesthetics-Delivery systems

94. o CIRCUITS

95. o Coaxial circuits

96. o Paediatric circuits

97. o Mapleson’s breathing system

98. o Draw schematic diagrams of various types of Mapleson’sbreathing circuits. Give the functionalanalysis,advantages and disadvantages of Bain circuit

99. o Describe the functional analysis of Bain’s circuit. How will you check the functional integrity of Bain’s circuit

100. o Classify anaesthesia circuits. Describe the test used for checking the integrity of bain. s circuit.

101. o VAPORIZERS

102. o Types of plenum vaporizers

103. o Charecteristics of ideal vaporizer

104. o Classify vaporizers. Briefly mention the effects of altered barometric pressure on the performance of the vaporizers

105. o What are the two major effects of pressure fluctuation in theanaesthesia machine on vaporizer output? Describe the improvisations in designing to overcome this problem

106. o What is the difference between pumping and pressurizing effect in a vapourisor? What modifications are done to prevent these effects?

107. o SAFETY FEATURES IN MODERN DAY ANAESTHESIA MACHINE

108. o Safety features in a modern day anaesthesia machine

109. o Describe briefly the safety features in modern anaesthesia machines. Discuss various features that prevent the delivery of hypoxic gas mixtures

110. o PRE-ANAESTHETIC MACHINE CHECK

111. o Describe the pre anaesthetic check list for anaesthesia machine and equipment

112. o Describe the anaesthesia machine check protocol prior to induction of anaesthesia

113. o Evolution of rotameter

114. o What is low flow anaesthesia? Discuss its advantages and disadvantages.

115. o Functional analysis of pressure reducing valve

116. o Link 25 proportioning system

117. o Role of humidification in anaesthesia practice

118. o What are the different types of carbondioxide absorbents? Describe their composition. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of each

119. o What is relative and absolute humidity? What are active and passive humidifiers? What are their advantages and disadvantages?

120. o IV Anaesthetics drugs.

121. o ADRENERGIC DRUGS

122. o GENERAL

123. o Adrenergic receptor antagonist and their uses

124. o Name the adrenergic agonists and antagonists. Describe in detail their uses in anaesthesia practice

125. o Adrenergic agonists

126. o Discuss the current role of norepinephrine and vasopressin in ICU

127. o BETA BLOCKERS

128. o Beta receptor blockade:-its relation in anaesthesia

129. o Perioperative beta blocker therapy

130. o Manifestation and treatment of beta adrenergic toxicity

131. o Effect of atenolol pretreatment on CVS,NMJ and IOP

132. o ALPHA-2 AGONISTS

133. o Clinical use of alpha 2 agonists in anaesthesia

134. o What are alpha 2 agonists? Discuss the pharmacodynamics and anesthetic uses of alpha 2 agonists.

135. o CLONIDINE

136. o Clonidine in anaesthesia and ICU

137. o Discuss PK and PD of clonidine and its role in clinical practice

138. o DEXMEDETOMIDINE

139. o Dexmedetomidine:Clinical applications and complications

140. o Dexmedetomidine

141. o Discuss pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of dexmedetomidine. What is its role in clinical practice

142. o CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKERS

143. o Calcium channel blockers drugs and anaesthesia

144. o Calcium channel blockers and anaesthesia

145. o PROPOFOL

146. o Compare Propofol with Midazolam

147. o Propofol as compared to Thiopentone

148. o Disscuss the MOA,PD and PK of propofol

149. o Impact of cancer therapy on anaesthetic management

150. o Midazolam

151. o Untoward effects of intravenous sodium bicarbonate

152. o Role of corticosteroids in the practice of anaesthesiology

153. o Adenosine and its clinical uses

154. o Mannitol in surgery/surgical uses of mannitol

155. o PK of IV Thiopentone

156. o Mention the commonly used immunosuppressive drugs and their interaction with anaesthetic agents

157. o Describe the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of etomidate. Describe briefly its role in clinical practice

158. o )Opoids.

159. o What are the various routes of administration of morphine? Discuss the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of epidural morphine

160. o Remifentanyl in clinical practice

161. o Narcotic antagonists

162. o Spinal opiate receptors

163. o Pharmacology of fentanyl congener

164. o What are the various routes of administration of opoids? Discuss the merits and demerits of each

165. o Transdermal opoids

166. o Acute pain relief in opoiddependant pain

167. o Mention the intrathecal and epidural opoids in clinical practice and their complications

168. o Various epidural narcotics for management of postoperative pain

169. o Epidural opiates in anaesthesia practice

170. o Classify opoids. Discuss the merits and demerits of epidural fentanyl and morphine

171. o What are the various routes of administration of morphine? Discuss the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of epidural morphine

172. o Classify opioid drugs. Briefly mention the mechanism of action and pharmacology of remifentanilalongwith its indication and limitations

173. o Classify opioids according to their action on opioid receptors. Compare and contrast fentanyl and remifentanyl.

174. o What is eutectic mixture? Describe the principle of transdermal drug delivery. Describe the advantages and disadvantages of transdermal fentanyl patch28)IV Drug Delivery Sytems.

175. o TIVA

176. o Describe the three compartment model of distribution of intravenous drugs. What is zero order kinetics?

177. o What is total intravenous anesthesia? What mathematical models are commonly used with target controlled infusion(TCI)? Describe the best indication for use of TCI

178. o What are the benefits of patient controlled analgesia (PCA)? Write a prescription and setting of PCA pump to deliver morphine for post operative pain relief.

179. o Pharmacology of Muscle Relaxants and Antagonism.

180. o Interaction of depolarizing with NDMR’s

181. o Hauffman’s degradation

182. o Rocuronium

183. o Pipecuronium

184. o Elimination of Atracurium from the body

185. o Enumerate the problems with muscle relaxants

186. o Adverse effects of NMBA

187. o Local Anaesthetics LAST

188. o Management of local anaesthetic toxicity

189. o Treatment of systemic toxicity of LA drugs

190. o Lipid emulsion for the treatment of local anaesthetic toxicity-mechanism and dosage

191. o Role of lipid emulsions in local anaesthetic toxicity

192. o Discuss the clinical manifestations of local anaesthetic toxicity and its management

193. o Classify local anesthetic. Discuss their mode of action. how will you treat lidocaine toxicity?

194. o Mechanism of action of local anaesthetic agents

195. o Complication of local anaesthetics

196. o Ropivacaine

197. o 31)Nitric Oxide and Inhaled Pulmonary Vasodilators

198. o Role of nitric oxide in ICU

199. o Nitric oxide in clinical practice

200. o Nitric oxide for management of pulmonary hypertension

201. o Nitric oxide-current status

202. o 33)Risk of Anaesthesia(Anesthetic complications)

203. o INTRAOP COMPLICATIONS

204. o Pathophysiology of VAE. Mention the methods of detection,prevention and treatment

205. o Embolisms during anaesthesia

206. o Discuss the pathophysiology. signs and symptoms and management of VAE

207. o How will you diagnose VAE? Describe its pathophysiology and management

208. o Enumerate the causes of air embolism in clinical practice. Discuss the clinical features and its management

209. o How do you diagnose and manage a case of VAE during spine surgery? DVT

210. o What are the clinical features of DVT. Describe the prophylactic and management strategies.

211. o ARRYTHMIAS

212. o Prevention and treatment of ventricular arrhythmias during GA

213. o Cardiac arryhthmias during anaesthesia

214. o Discuss the etiology and management of SVT’s during surgical proceduresManagement of multifocal ventricular ectopics during anaesthesia

215. o Discuss the etiology and management of various cardiac arrhythmias occurring during anaesthesia

216. o Desribe the cardiac conduction system. How do you manage a patient with PSVT?

217. o Describe the common arrhythmias encountered during pre-operative period. Discuss the therapeutic uses of Amiodarone

218. o Discuss the etiology and management of Supra Ventricular arrhythmias during surgery under GA

219. o Discuss the different types of arrhythmias encountered in the intraoperative period. Discuss its causes and management.

220. o BRONCHOSPASM

221. o Intraoperative bronchospasm

222. o Management of intraoperative bronchospasm

223. o Bronchospasm during anaesthesia and immediate postop period and its management

224. o Discuss the differential diagnosis of introperativebronchospasm. How will you manage it?

225. o LARYNGOSPASM

226. o Laryngospasm during anaesthesia

227. o Enumerate the causes and differential diagnosis of post extubation laryngospasm. How will you manage it

228. o ANAPHYLAXIS(ANAPHYLACTOID) REACTIONS

229. o Clinical manifestations and management of anaphylactic reactions in anaesthesia practice

230. o Hypersensitivity reaction in anaesthesia practice

231. o Discuss the pathophysiology and management of anaphylactoid reactions in anaesthesia

232. o Identification of anaphylaxis under GA and its management/Anaphylactoid reaction during anaesthesia

233. o Anaphylactic reaction on the operation table and management

234. o Clinical manifestations and management of a patient with acute anaphylaxis

235. o Enumerate the agents implicated in allergic reactions during anaesthesia. How would you manage a patient with anaphylaxis during anaesthesia?

236. o INFECTIONS

237. o Infections related to anaesthesia practice

238. o Transmission and precaution against HIV in hospital setting. HIV and anaesthesia

239. o Hepatitis B and anaesthesiologist

240. o DELAYED RECOVERY

241. o Possible causes of delayed recovery from GA

242. o What are the potential causes of delayed resumption of spontaneous recovery after abdominal surgery with general anaesthesia. Discuss the problem,its diagnosis and management

243. o Discuss the causes of delayed recovery from anaesthesia and the management

244. o What are the indications for postoperative ventilation? Describe the various causes of delayed postoperative recovery in an elderly patient.

245. o DESATURATION

246. o Management of a patient who is not maintaining oxygen saturation after an elective abdominal surgery

247. o List the various causes of reduced arterial oxygen tension in the intraoperative period and outline their management

248. o A 30 year old female ASA Grade 1 following exploratory laparotomy,is not maintaining oxygen saturation in the postop period. Discuss its causes and management

249. o What are the various causes of intraoperative desaturation? Write troubleshooting plan in a patient who has developed desaturation intraoperatively

250. o PMI

251. o Prevention and treatment of intra-operative MI

252. o Discuss the diagnosis and management of MI in a patient undergoing non-cardiac surgery

253. o HTN

254. o Etiology and treatment of hypertension during surgery

255. o Define perioperative hypertension. Describe the causes and management

256. o What are the causes of intra-operative hypertension in a previously normotensive patient? Discus various modalities to manage it

257. o Anaesthetic management of a case of essential hypertension scheduled for upper abdominal surgery

258. o Describe the anaesthetic management and postoperative care in a patient with uncontrolled hypertension(BP-180/120 mmHg) for emergency laparotomy for perforated duodenal ulcer

259. o A 45 years old man with uncontrolled DM and HTN is admitted with upper intestinal obstruction for emergency laparotomy. Discuss the preoperative evaluation,preparation and anaesthetic management of the case

260. o Discuss the preoperative evaluation and anaesthetic management of 70 year old hypertensive patient for total laryngectomy

261. o A 35 year old hypertensive patient with chronic cholecystitis is scheduled for laparoscopic Outline the pre-operative evaluation,preparation and anaesthetic management of this patient

262. o Classify acute hypertensive episodes. Discuss the principles of management and the drugs used in the management of hypertensives emergencies.

263. o HYPERCAPNIA

264. o CO2 carriage in blood and effects of hypercapnia

265. o What are the causes of hypercarbia during the intraoperative period. Discuss the effects and management

266. o PULMONARY EDEMA

267. o Treatment of acute pulmonary edema

268. o Pulmonary edema in intraoperative and immediate postoperative period

269. o BLOOD LOSS

270. o Blood loss monitors

271. o Discuss the management of massive blood loss

272. o HYPOTENSION

273. o Aetiology and management of hypotension during anaesthesia

274. oCCUPATIONAL HAZARDS

275. occupational hazards for/to the

276. o MIX QUESTIONS

277. o Causes of perioperative seizures

278. o Peripheral nerve injury under anaesthesia is preventable complication

279. o Risk and management of pulmonary aspiration

280. o Iatrogenic complications in anaesthesia

281. o PreoperativeEvaluation and coexisting diseases

282. o PAC

283. o PAC clinic

284. o Preoperative visits

285. o ASA physical status classification for preoperative anaesthetic risk assessment

286. o What are the goals of pre-anaestheticcheck up? ASA risks grading and fasting guidelines

287. o What is the ASA physical status classification? Briefly describe other factors that may alter risk associated with anesthesia?

288. o What are the objectives of preoperative anesthesia check up in a patient scheduled for elective surgery? What is ASA physical status classification?

289. o SMOKING

290. o Hazards of smoking relevant to anaesthetist

291. o Discuss the assessment,preparation and problems of anaesthesia in a chronic smoker for cholecystectomy

292. o Enumerate the effects of chronic smoking and the anaesthetic implications

293. o LIVER DISEASE

294. o Assessment of risk factors for patient with moderate to severe liver disease

295. o Preoperative preparation and surgical risk assessment in a patient with cirrhosis of liver

296. o Pre-anaesthetic evaluation and preparation of a patient with portal hypertension for lieno renal shunt

297. o What are the functions of liver? Describe the anesthetic implications of ascitis and its management

298. o IHD

299. o Evaluation of cardiac patient for non –cardiac surgery

300. o Enumerate the RCRI. Draw the algorithm of cardiac evaluation for non-cardiac surgery as recommended in ACC/AHA 2007 guidelines on peri-operative CVS evaluation and care

301. o How will you evaluate a 50 year old male patient with history of IHD presenting for major abdominal surgery?

302. o VHD

303. o Preoperative evaluation of a patient with VHD

304. o Pre-operative evaluation and preparation of a apatient with TOF

305. o Discuss the pathophysiology and its impact on perioperative management of left to right and right to left shunts. Give examples of each.

306. o Pre anaesthetic evaluation of a patient of MS for MTP and sterilization

307. o Preoperative preparation of a diabetic patient with history of bleeding variceslino renal shunt operation

308. o anaesthetic evaluation of a thyrotoxic patient scheduled for thyroidectomy

309. o 35)AnaestheticComplications of Concurrent Disease

310. o PHEOCHROMOCYTOMA:-

311. o Discuss the pathophysiology and diagnosis of a case of pheochromocytoma. Give an account of preparation,monitoring and anaesthetic management of a 25 year old patient suffering from pheochromocytoma

312. o Discuss the anaesthetic management of a 35 year old patient with pheochromocytoma scheduled for bilateral adrenalectomy

313. o What is pheochromocytoma? What are its clinical features? Discuss preoperativeinvestigations, preparation and anaesthetic management of such a case for surgical removal

314. o Discuss pre anaestheticassessment,preparation and management of a 16 year male kept for How will you manage post anaesthetic complications?

315. o IHD

316. o CORONARY STENT

317. o Guidelines for management of anaesthesia in a patient with coronary stent

318. o Draw the algorithm for preoperative management of a patient receiving antiplaelet therapy as recommended by ACC/AHA guidelines in perioperative cardiovascular evaluation and care. Describe thepreoperative management of a patient with coronary stent

319. o CARDIAC PATIENT FOR NON CARDIAC SURGERY

320. o Discuss the preoperative evaluation and anaesthetic management of an emergency abdominal operation in a 60 year old man who had MI 6 weeks back

321. o Preoperative preparation and evaluation of a patient with history of exertional angina for surgery under general anaesthesia. (June 1996)

322. o Discuss briefly the preoperative evaluation and anaesthetic management of a 50 year old patient who had acute MI three months ago, and is scheduled for inguinal hernia repair

323. o Describe the arterial circulation of the heart with the aid of a diagram mentioning the unique features of coronary blood flow. Explain the Goldman’s Cardiac risk Index and its importance to the anaesthetist

324. o Pathophysiology of CAD. Discuss the anaesthetic management of a patient with angina

325. o Cardiac evaluation for non-cardiac surgery

326. o Classify cardiomyopathies. Describe management of a 60 year old male with dilated cardiomyopathy scheduled for laparotomy

327. o Classify CMPs. Briefly describe the anesthetic management of a patient with HOCM scheduled for TAH

328. o What is diastolic dysfunction? Discuss the evaluation and implications to the anaesthetists

329. o Discuss the pre-operative evaluation of a patient with IHD. Discuss the perioperative monitoring for MI and its management

330. o What are the predictors of cardiac risk in cardiac patients undergoing non cardiac surgery? Describe briefly the anaesthetic consideration in a patient with coronary artery disease with ejection fraction of 40% for laparoscopic cholecystectomy

331. o VHD

332. o Clinical features of infective endocarditis,principle guidelines to use antibiotics as prophylaxis against,during surgery

333. o Discuss the anaesthetic management of 20 year old male with RHD with MS for closed mitral valvotomy

334. o Preop evaluation and anaesthetic management of a 30 year old patient with MS and AF scheduled for balloon angioplasty and valvoplasty

335. o HTN

336. o Define HTN. How will you evaluate and prepare preoperatively a 40 year old female patient scheduled for abdominal hysterectomy. Discuss the anaesthetic and postoperative management of such a case?

337. o What are the anesthetic concerns in a patient with uncontrolled hypertension posted for elective surgery? Discuss the complications and drug interactions of antihypertensive drugs during perioperative period

338. o DM

339. o Discuss pre and post anaesthetic management of acute abdomen in a patient with uncontrolled diabetes

340. o Discuss the preoperative investigations,preparation and anaesthetic management of a 50 year old diabetic patient presenting for an exploratory laparotomy for a lump in the abdomen

341. o Principles of management of DKA

342. o Preoperative patient of a diabetic patient with history of bleeding variceslinorenal shunt

343. o Anaesthetic management of a case of DM scheduled for open cholecystectomy

344. o Diabetic patient with autonomic neuropathy for TAH

345. o Discuss the anaesthetic management of an inadequately managed diabetes mellitus patient with ketoacidosis posted for BKA

346. o Describe the PREOPERATIVE EVALUATION and different methods used for perioperative control of blood sugar in diabetic patients undergoing major abdominal surgery with their advantages and disadvantages

347. o Discuss how glycemic control affects the outcome in critically ill patients. Describe the advantages and disadvantages of tight and non tight glycemic control in ICU.

348. o Discuss complications of diabetes mellitus of interest to Discribe anaesthetic management of emergency laparotomy in a diabetic

349. o THYROID

350. o HYPOTHYROIDISM

351. o Describe the clinical features of hypothyroidism. Discuss the anaesthetic consideration in a hypothyroid patient scheduled for upper abdominal surgery

352. o THYROID STORM

353. o Etiopathology and management of thyroid crisis

354. o Manifestations and management of thyroid storm

355. o Describe preop evaluation and preparation of a patient of thyrotoxicosis. Describe anaesthetic and postoperative management of such a case.

356. o A 35 year old lady with huge thyroid mass presenting with thyrotoxicosis is posted for subtotal Discuss the preoperative preparation and anaesthetic management

357. o Myxoedema coma

358. o Causes of airway obstruction following thyroid surgery and its management

359. o Thyrotoxic patient for subtotal thyroidectomy

360. o Enumerate the NS of larynx. Enumerate the signs and symptoms of bilateral recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy following total thyroidectomy

361. o Discuss preoperative evaluation and anaesthetic management of a 40 year old hyperthyroid patient posted for total thyroidectomy. Enumerate postoperative complications

362. o What are the perioperative risks in patients with uncontrolled hyperthyroidism? How will you manage such a patient posted for emergency surgery? RETROSTERNAL GOITER:

363. o Describe in brief symptoms and signs, diagnosis and anesthetic management of retrosternal goiter

364. o COPD

365. o Discuss the current concepts in the management of a case of chronic obstructive airway disease in respiratory failure

366. o Describe in detail the anaesthetic management of patients with reactive airway disease

367. o Intraoperative anaesthetic considerations in COPD patient scheduled for upper abdominal surgery

368. o What is chronic obstructive pulmonary disease? How will you manage oxygenation and pain in post operative period of a case of COPD undergoing upper abdominal surgery

369. o ASTHAMA

370. o A40 yrs old female with history of bronchial asthama is scheduled for laparoscopic Describe pre op preparation and anesthetic management

371. o CARCINOID TUMOR

372. o A 30 year old woman is scheduled for removal of carcinoid tumor. Write the anaesthetic management

373. o CUSHING’s SYNDROME

374. o Discuss the anaesthetic management of a 25 years old female with cushing’s syndrome for bilateral adrenalectomy

375. o Anaesthetic problems in an amemic patient(Dec 1998).

376. o A 60 years old man presents for elective parathyroidectomy. Discuss the anaesthetic management

377. o 36)PatientPositioning.

378. o Positional hazards under anaesthesia

379. o Enumerate various positions in relation to anaesthesia and discuss in detail the problems associated with them

380. o Describe the complications associated with sitting position during posterior fossa surgery and their management

381. o Discuss the anaesthetic problems of surgery in prone position

382. o Describe the perioperative anesthetic management of a patient for post cranial fossa surgery in a sitting position

383. o Describe the precautions that need to be taken when positioning anaesthetised patient in prone Give an account oof positive pressure ventilation in prone position

384. o 37)Neuromuscular Disorders and Malignant Hyperthermia

385. o MG

386. o MG versus Myaesthenic syndrome

387. o What is myasthenia gravis? What are its clinical features? Discuss the preoperative investigations,preparation,anaesthetic management of such a case presenting for interval appendicectomy and management of the likely complications

388. o Discuss pre-anaestheticassessment,preparation,anaesthetic management and post operative complication in 20 year old female with myaesthenis gravis posted for thymectomy

389. o Preoperative preparation of a case of MG scheduled for thymectomy 5. Myaesthenic syndrome

390. o What are the clinical features of MG? Discuss perioperative evaluation and anaesthetic management of a case presenting for interval appendicectomy

391. o MH

392. o MH

393. o Current concepts in the diagnosis and treatment of MH

394. o What is malignant hyperthermia? Discuss its clinical features and laboratory finding. Why is it important for the anaesthetist to know about this syndrome

395. o Temperature regulation in adults,predisposingfactors,diagnosis and management of MH

396. o What are the diagnostic features that would lead to identify malignant hyperthermia during immediately after anaesthesia and state the guidelines of management?

397. o Diagnosis and management of an acute attack of malignant hyperthermia

398. o A 4 years old child weighing 15 kg undergoing strabismus surgery suddenly develops tachycardia,rigidity of extremeities and rise in temperature during anaesthesia. Discuss the anaesthetic management

399. o Describe clinical presentation,pathophysiology and managemet of malignant hyperthermia

400. o GBS

401. o GBS-discuss briefly etiology,pathogenesis,symptomatology and management including anaesthesia

402. o PARKINSON’s DISEASE

403. o Pre-op evaluation and anaesthetic considerations of a patient with Parkinson’ disease

404. o 38)Fundamental Principles of Monitoring and Instrumentation(PHYSICS related to anaesthesia)

405. o VENTURI

406. o Venturi principle and its clinical implication

407. o Desribe Bernoulli’s principle and its various applications in anaesthesia

408. o MONITORING STANDARD

409. o Minimum patient monitoring during anaesthesia

410. o What is minimum monitoring standard? Describe the objectives and methods

411. o Invasive intraop monitoring

412. o 39)MonitoringDepth of Anaesthesia.

413. o BIS

414. o What is BIS monitoring? What are its clinical applications in anaesthesia practice?

415. o Causes and prevention of awareness under anaesthesia

416. o what do you mean by awareness during anaesthesia? Mention the monitors in use to measure the depth of anaesthesia

417. o Discuss the pharmacological principles of measuring the depth of anaesthesia and techniques for monitoring the depth of anaesthesia

418. o List and brief statement and effectiveness of each of the means available for detecting awareness during anaesthesia

419. o What are the measures by which you can measure the depth of anaesthesia during the intra operative period

420. o Why is it important to measure the depth of anaesthesia? Briefly describe the methods used

421. o Describe awareness under anesthesia. What are the risk factors for awareness/ how can depth of anesthesia be monitored?

422. o 40)Cardiovascular Monitoring

423. o IJV

424. o Complications of cannulation of IJV

425. o Describe the anatomy of IJV with the help of a diagram. Discuss any one approach for IJV cannulation

426. o Enumerate various approaches for central venous cannulation. Describe the technique and complications of IJV cannulation

427. o Describe the anatomy of IJV with a diagram. Discuss any one approach to IJV cannulation and its complication

428. o Discribe the anatomy of carotid triangle with the help of diagram(s). Describe the technique of rt IJV cannulation and its uses in anesthesia

429. o CARDIAC OUTPUT MONITORING

430. o Non invasive cardiovascular monitoring

431. o Cardiac output management with thermodilution technique

432. o What are the determinants of cardiac output and discuss various non-invasive methods of measurement of cardiac output

433. o Pulmonary artery pressure monitoring

434. o CVP,its application in anaesthesia

435. o Jugular venous oximetry

436. o Methods of central venous cannulation,uses,limitations and complications of CVP monitoring

437. o Describe the indications,contraindications and complications of invasive arterial blood pressure monitoring. Describe the technique

438. o 41)TEE

439. o How is USG useful in anaesthesia and intensive care medicine and explain the usefulness of TEE during cardiac surgery

440. o TEE in anaesthesia practice.

441. o Describe the role of intraoperative echocardiography in clinical anaesthesia

442. o USG->principles and its uses in day to day practice of anaesthesia

443. o Describe the role of TEE IN hemodynamic monitoring of a pt with CAD scheduled for sx under GA.

444. o 42)ECG & CARDIAC CYCLE:

445. o Modified bipolar standard limb lead systems and its usefulness for intraoperative monitoring

446. o Describe the pressure and volume changes during different phases of cardiac cycle.

447. o 43)ICD and Pacemakers

448. o Discuss different types of pacemakers and briefly enumerate precautions to be taken during surgery with pacemaker

449. o Enumerate the evidenced based indications for pacemaker insertion. Mention the general principles of anaesthetic management of a patient with pacemaker scheduled for surgery

450. o 44)Respiratory Monitoring.

451. o PULSE OXIMETER

452. o Limitations of pulse oximeter

453. o Pulse oximetry

454. o Pulse oximetry-principles and applications

455. o What are the recent advances in pulse oximetry? briefly describe the multiwave length and reflectance pulse oximetry)

456. o CAPNOGRAPHY

457. o Role of capnography during anaesthesia

458. o capnography

459. o Discuss principles of monitoring end tidal CO2

460. o -What is capnography? Draw a neat labeled diagram of a normal capnograph and discuss clinical considerations of capnography(Etco2 monitoring

461. o Factors influencing tissue oxygenation

462. o Respiratory monitoring in anaesthesia

463. o Discuss various methods of oxygen monitoring in anaesthesia practice

464. o What are the measures of tissue oxygenation? Describe briefly oxygen delivery, oxygen consumption and oxygen extraction

465. o 46)Neurologic Monitoring.

466. o SSEP

467. o Minimum monitoring for post spinal fusion in scoliosis

468. o Methods of intracranial pressure monitoring,uses and complication of ICP monitoring

469. o ICP monitoring and its applications

470. o 47)Neuromuscular Monitoring

471. o Methods of monitoring neuromuscular junction function

472. o Methods of monitoring of neuromuscular transmission during anaesthesia

473. o Intraoperative neuromuscular monitoring

474. o Compare and contrast TOF and Double burst

475. o What are the factors affecting neuro-muscular blockage? Discuss various methods to monitor neuromuscular blockage

476. o Enumerate various techniques of monitoring neuromuscular blockade during anaesthesia. List the advantages and limitations of each of these techniques

477. o Discuss various patterns of nerve stimulation in neuromuscular monitoring and their interpretation with the help of diagrams

478. o What is neuroplasticity? Describe drugd and techniques that can prevent and treat neuroplasticity

479. o 48)Temperature Regulation & Monitoring

480. o Discuss the regulation of body temperature. How will you prevent hypothermia in a neonate posted for major abdominal surgery

481. o Describe in brief the sites and devices for temperature monitoring

482. o Classify hypothermia. Describe the pathophysiological effects of hypothermia

483. o 49)Perioperative Acid-Base Balance .

484. o Preanalytical consideration of ABG measurement

485. o What are the major buffer systems in the body? Enumerate the causes,effects and management of metabolic acidosis

486. o What is anion gap? Desribe the causes and management of metabolic acidosis from low cardiac output

487. o 50)Airway Management in the Adult

488. o AIRWAY ASSESSMENT

489. o Airway assessment

490. o List the bedside test available to predict the difficult intubations. Comment on their use

491. o SGA

492. o Supra Glottic Airway devices

493. o I-gel Airway

494. o Enumerate the different SGA’s. Tabulate the differences between Proseal LMA and I-gel airway

495. o Classify supraglottic airway devices(SADs)? ? What are the modifications done in third generation SADs. Discuss the complications associated with the use of SADs

496. o LMA

497. o Merits and demerits of LMA

498. o LMA:various modifications

499. o ROLE OF LMA in ASA difficult airway algorithm.

500. o DIFFICULT AIRWAY

501. o TM ANKYLOSIS

502. o Describe airway management of a patient of ankylosing spondylitis with severe restriction of neck movement posted for total hip replacement

503. o Discuss the preoperative assessment and the method of anaesthesia in patient with TM ankylosis for the release of ankylosis

504. o Describe briefly the difficult airway algorithm. How will you perform awake intubation in an adult with restricted mouth opening?

505. o Describe the airway management of a patient of TM joint ankylosis with restricted mouth opening posted for upper abdominal surgery

506. o Evaluation of difficult airway

507. o Difficult intubation/Predictive factors and intubation difficulty

508. o Describe briefly the difficult airway algorithm. How will you perform awake intubation in an adult with restricted mouth opening?

509. o How will you evaluate a 55 year old chronic smoker with CA LARYNX scheduled for Discuss the anesthetic management.

510. o Describe the management of unanticipated difficult airway in a stepwise manner.

511. o What are the predictors of difficult mask ventilation? Write an algorithm to manage/plan to manage a patient with predicted difficult mask ventilation.

512. o Describe various local anesthetic techniques used to provide anesthesia of airway. What are the complications associated with airway blocks

513. o Describe in a step wise manner rapid sequence intubation(RSI). What are the different modifications suggested with RSI

514. o ATTENTUATION OF LARYNGOSCOPIC RESPONSE

515. o Attentuation of laryngoscopic reaction to intubation.

516. o Discuss various methods to obtund intubation response to laryngoscopy and intubation

517. o Describe the occulocardiac reflex? Discuss measures to attenuate pressor response to laryngoscopy/intubation

518. o FOB

519. o Modes of ventilation during bronchoscopy

520. o Draw a labeled diagram of a flexible FOB and describe methods for its sterilization or high level disinfection

521. o Describe the techniques for anaesthetizing the airway for awake fibreoptic laryngoscopy and intubation through nasal route in an adult with restricted mouth opening

522. o Double Lumen ETT

523. o Airway management in an unconscious patient

524. o How will you anaesthetize the airway of a 40 year old man for awake intubation?

525. o Discuss the management of CICV situation in the OT

526. o What is the role of airway exchange catheter in modern anesthesia practice? Describe in short the management of post extubation stridor.

527. o 51)Spinal,Epidural and Caudal Anaesthesia.

528. o ANTICOAGULANTS AND RA

529. o Antothrombotic prophylaxis and neuraxialanaesthesia

530. o Enumerate the guidelines for RA in a patient on anticoagulant therapy

531. o Describe anaesthetic concerns for regional anaesthesia in a patient on anticoagulants.

532. o PDPH

533. o What is PDPH? What are the factors affecting it? Describe the management of such a case

534. o What are the differences between a subdural and subarachnoid block? Write the clinical features and management of PDPH

535. o Complications of epidural anaesthesia

536. o Pulmonary function changes following central neuraxial blockade

537. o Continous subarachnoid block

538. o IVRA

539. o Epidural analgesia for postop pain relief

540. o Epidural pressure and various factors affecting the same

541. o Indications and contraindications of regional anaesthesia

542. o Effect of intrathecal neostigmine on spinal anaesthesia

543. o CSE

544. o Caudal block

545. o Describe the boundaries of epidural space. Discuss five common complications of epidural block

546. o What is baricity? Describe the relevance of baricity in spinal anesthesia. Describe the adjuvant used with intrathecal block

547. o 52)Nerve Blocks.

548. o STELLATE GANGLION BLOCK

549. o 1Enumerate the indications,contraindications,complications and method of establishing stellate ganglion block

550. o Describe the anatomy of stellate ganglion. Discuss indications,techniques and implications of stellate ganglion block

551. o BRACHIAL PLEXUS BLOCK

552. o Anatomy of brachial plexus and its importance to the anaesthetists

553. o Discuss one method of brachial plexus block through supraclavicular approach and enumerate the complications associated with

554. o Anatomy of brachial plexus with the help of a diagram. Enumerate the various techniques of brachial plexus block

555. o SCIATIC NERVE BLOCK:

556. o Describe sciatic nerve with regards to its root value, branches and write the labet,s approach of sciatic nerve block

557. oPTHALMIC BLOCKS

558. o Peribulbar block-indications,techniques and complications

559. o Merits and demerits of retrobulbarvsperibulbar block

560. o Describe various lacal anesthetic techniques used for providing ophthalmic anaesthesia. Discuss their merits and demerits

561. o Describe various local anesthetic techniques used for producing ocular anesthesia. What are the complications of retrobulbar block?

562. o COELIAC PLEXUS BLOCK

563. o Describe the anatomy of celiac plexus. Discuss the indications and methods to block celiac plexus

564. o Illustrate the anatomy of celiac plexus with the help of a diagram. Describe the technique of celiac plexus block and its complications

565. o Eneumerate the methods available for pain relief in patient with ca pancreas. Describe celioc plexus block with the help of diagram

566. o ANKLE BLOCK

567. o Innervation of foot and technique of performing ankle block2. Describe the nerve supply of foot and the technique of ankle block for amputation of great toe

568. o Describe the nerve innervationsof the foot with diagram and dsicuss the local anaesthetic block at the ankle for the amputation of gangrenous toes in a patient

569. o Describe the regional block for removal of infected corn foot

570. o PARAVERTEBRAL BLOCK

571. o Describe the anatomy of paravertebral space with diagram. Describe one method of establishing paravertebral block

572. o Compare the advantages and disadvantages of inter pleural and paravertebral block.

573. oTHER BLOCKS:

574. o Three-in-one’ block

575. o Horner’s syndrome

576. o Describe with the help of a labeled diagram,the anatomy of lumbar plexus and describe the techniques of lumbar plexus block

577. o Describe the course of sciatic nerve and any one approach to block the nerve

578. o 53)USG guidelines for RA

579. o What principle is used in USG? How is USG useful in anaesthesia

580. o Describe the principles of ultrasound. Discuss the use of ultrasound in evaluating a patient in emergency department.

581. o What is the principle used in ultrasound scanning? Describe the applications of ultrasound in anesthesia and intensive care

582. o IV Fluid and BLOOD

583. o CRYSTALLOID/COLLOID

584. o Merits and demerits of crystalloids and colloids

585. o Discuss the different types of colloid solutions. Describe their advantages and disadvantages

586. o Plasma volume expansion

587. o Uses, advantages and disadvantages of plasma expanders

588. o Water and electrolyte disturbances and their pre anaesthetic correction in small gut obstruction

589. o Gelatin as spinal preloading

590. o Comparitive evaluation of RL,Low molecular weight Dextran and 3. 5%poly

591. o Human Albumin

592. o Third space loss-its importance to anaesthesiologist

593. o Discuss the role of plasma proteins in anaesthesia

594. o Describe different fluid compartment in the body. Describe how edema develops?

595. o Describe the role of albumin in ICU and current concepts of intravenous fluids in ICU.

596. o Mg2+

597. o Role of Magnesium in anaesthesia and ICU

598. o What are the physiological functions of magnesium? Describe its therapeutic uses in anaesthesia

599. o K+

600. o Define hypokalemia. What are the clinical manifestations of hypokalemia? How will you treat hypokalemiaintraoperatively?

601. o Causes,diagnosis and treatment of hypo and hyperkalemia

602. o Define hyperkalemia. Discuss signs and symptoms and anaesthetic consideration

603. o Enumerate the causes,clinical manifestations and management of hyperkalemia

604. o Causes,diagnosis and treatment of hypo and hyperkalemia

605. o Discuss the ECG abnormalities due to various electrolyte imbalances

606. o SIADH

607. o Water intoxication

608. o How is the diagnosis of dilutionalhyponatremiamade? What is its significance in anaesthesia

609. o What is SIADH? Describe the clinical features and management of SIADH

610. o Describe the causes and management of acute dilutionalhyponatremia in the immediate postoperative period

611. o Na+

612. o What are the manifestations of hyponatremia and how will you treat it

613. o Enumerate the signs and symptoms of hyponatremia. Describe the management in a patient with serum sodium level of 115 meq/L scheduled for knee replacement under RA

614. o What are the causes and clinical features of hyponatremia in the post operativeperiod. Describe its management.

615. o Ca2+

616. o Discuss causes,clinical manifestations and treatment of hypercalcemia. What are the anaesthetic considerations?

617. o 55)Transfusion Therapy

618. o BLOOD COMPONENT THERAPY

619. o Present trend of blood component therapy

620. o Blood component therapy

621. o Role of blood components in perioperative period

622. o Enumerate the indications for transfusion of packed red cells,FFP,platelets and cryoprecipitates

623. o COMPLICATIONS

624. o Blood transfusion and related disease transmission

625. o Complications and Sequelae of BT

626. o What are the complication of massive blood transfusion? Describe the tests used to monitor blood coagulation

627. o Management of mismatched BT

628. o How will you diagnose mismatched BT intraoperatively? Describe its management

629. o MASSIVE BLOOD TRANSFUSION

630. o Define massive BT. Discuss the complications associated with massive blood transfusionand their management.

631. o Storage lesions in blood

632. o Recent trends of BT and blood products

633. o Clinical uses of blood

634. o 56)Coagulation.

635. o What is DIC? Enumerate its causes and management

636. o Discuss the physiology of Hemostasis and its significance

637. o What is TEG? Draw a labeled diagram to show a normal tracing. What are its implications

638. o Describe various tests for monitoring peri-operative coagulation

639. o Briefly outline the evaluation and management of a patient with suspected perioperative coagulopathy

640. o 57)AutologousTransfusion, rVIIa and Bloodless Medicine.

641. o AUTOLOGOUS BLOOD TRANSFUSION

642. o Autologous BT

643. o What is autologous BT? Describe the various techniques of autologous BT

644. o Discuss criteria for patient selection,contraindications,advantages and disadvantages of autologous BT

645. o BLOODLESS MEDICINE/BLOOD CONSERVATION STRATEGY

646. o Perioperative blood conservation

647. o What are the methods adopted by the anaesthetist to reduce the need for allogenic blood transfusions

648. o Artificial blood/synthetic oxygen carrying substances

649. o Write the blood conservation strategies in a 20 year old female scheduled for excision of angiofibroma of nose

650. o Different techniques of reducing the need of allogenic blood transfusion

651. o RECOMBINANT FACTOR VIIa

652. o What is recombinant Factor VIIa? Describe the clinical usage of it

653. o Pain.

654. o WHO STEP LADDER PATTERN FOR PAIN RELIEF

655. o WHO regimen of chronic pain management

656. o The WHO three step ladder pattern for pain relief in advanced cancer

657. o Role of anaesthesiologist in managing shoulder dystrophy syndrome

658. o Trigeminal neuralgia,clinical features and management

659. o Management of reflex sympathetic dystrophy

660. o Anaesthetists role in pain and palliative care

661. o Phantom limb pain

662. o Pain management options in a patient with intractable pain due to carcinoma of head of pancreas

663. o Define and classify chronic pain. Describe the methods of treatment of CRPS in left upper limb in a 20 year old male patient

664. o Explain the term CRPS? What are the types of CRPS? Describe its clinical features and options for treatment

665. o What is IASP(international association for study of pain) definition of pain? How do you classify pain? Briefly describe the interdisciplinary management of chronic pain.

666. o What are the acute and long term effects of post operative pain? Describe chronic post surgical pain (CPSP) and various methods to prevent it.

667. o Define CRPS. Describe the techniques and complications of stelleteganglione block.

668. o What is hospice? When should you beging hospice care? how does hospice serve patients and families

669. o SUPERSPECIALITY ANESTHESIA

670. o Anaesthesia for Thoracic Surgery

671. oLV

672. o What are the indications for OLV? Discuss the ventilatory management during one lung anaesthesia

673. o What are the indications of OLV? What are the methods of lung separation? Discuss the problems involved

674. o What are the indications of one lung ventilation. Describe the management of hypoxemia during one lung ventilation

675. o Describe in brief the principles of one lung anesthesia. Justify the need and indications of postoperative ventilator support

676. o PNEUMONECTOMY

677. o Discuss the anaesthetic management of a patient posted for pneumonectomyCa Right Bronchus-preparation and management

678. o Discuss the pre-operative evaluation and preparation of a 55 year old male with bronchiectasis scheduled for right lower lobe excision

679. o How would you evaluate and prepare a patient with chronic bronchiectasis scheduled for pneumonectomy? Briefly enumerate the postoperative complications

680. o ESOPHAGECTOMY

681. o Preoperative assessment,preparation specific to thoraco abdominal esophagectomy. Describe your anaesthetic problem during operation

682. o A 68 year old patient with carcinoma esophagus is scheduled for transthoracic esophagectomy. Outline the preoperative evaluation,preparation and anaesthetic management

683. o A 68 year old male with carcinoma esophagus is posted for total esophagectomy and gastric pull up. Describe the preoperative preparation,evaluation and anaesthetic management

684. o PFT’s

685. o Relevance of PFT’s

686. o Describe with diagram the flow volume loops in:

687. o (a)Healthy adult

688. o (b)Patient with restrictive lung disease

689. o (c)Patient with obstructive lung disease

690. o Draw a diagram to show various lung volumes and capacities. Describe the spirometry features of patients with obstructive and restrictive pulmonary disorder(

691. o Bedside PFT’s

692. o Discribe various pulmonary function tests and there relevance in clinical practice.

693. o MIXED THORACIC

694. o Anaesthesia for drainage of empyema thoracis

695. o Anaesthetic consideration for patient with BPF for repair.

696. o Hydropneumothorax

697. o Write the indications of mediastinoscopy? Write the anaesthetic implications of mediastinoscopy

698. o A 40 year old male with emphysematous bullae in right lung is scheduled for thoracoscopic excision of bulla(VATS). Describe the anaesthetic management

699. o Anaesthesia for cardiac surgery

700. o CPB

701. o Myocardial preservation

702. o Myocardial protection during CPB

703. o Anticoagulation and CPB

704. o Cardioplegia and its role in cardiac anaesthesia practice

705. o Discuss the various criteria required before weaning a patient from CPB

706. o Describe the commonly encountered problems following CPB in the post-bypass period

707. o What is the difference between partial and total cardiopulmonary bypassduring open heart surgery? Describe the complications associated with cardiopulmonary bypass

708. o Describe the role of cardioplegia in myocardial preservation. What are the other techniques employed for myocardial preservation during cardiopulmonary bypass?

709. oPCAB

710. o Discuss advantages and disadvantages of OPCAB(Dec 2006)

711. o Enumerate the indications of OPCAB. Describe the technique,advantages and disadvantages

712. o Discuss anaesthetic management of 20 years old male with RHD with MS for closed mitral valvotomy

713. o Preop evaluation and anaesthetic management of a 30 year old patient with MS and AF scheduled for balloon angioplasty and valvoplasty

714. o Enumerate the circulatory assist device. What are the mechanism, indications,contraindications and complications of IABP?

715. o CARDIAC TRANSPLANT

716. o Preopanaesthetic implications in a patient with transplanted heart posted for incidental surgery

717. o Anaesthesia for Correction of Cardiac Arrythmias(pacemakers)

718. o Specific problems and their prevention during anaesthesia in a patient with artificial pacemaker

719. o What are the indications for elective cardioversion? How do you prepare and perform this procedure

720. o Discuss different types of pacemakers and briefly enumerate precautions to be taken during surgery in a patient with pacemaker

721. o Describe the cardiac conduction system. How do you manage a patient with PSVT

722. o Anaesthesia for Vascular Surgery.

723. o Role of anaesthetist in a case of TAO

724. o Describe the anaesthetic management in a patient with Abdominal Aortic dissection scheduled for aortic bypass graft

725. o Discuss hemodynamic and metabolic changes during aortic clamping and cross clamping. Describe the renal protective measures during aortic clampingpathophysiology of acc. Also.

726. o Describe the preoperative evaluation,anaesthetic management and intra operative monitoring of a patient scheduled for carotid endarterectomy

727. o Anesthesia for Neurosurgery.

728. o POSTERIOR CRANIAL FOSSA SURGERY

729. o A 40 year old male had pulse 45/min and BP 190/110 mmHg,diagnosed case of tumor mass in the posterior fossa. How will you prepare and manage the case for removal of tumor

730. o A 20 year old female with mass in posterior cranial fossa is scheduled for craniotomy. Describe the anaesthetic management

731. o Describe the anaesthetic considerations for excision of a mass in the posterior cranial fossa in a 20 year old patient

732. o Describe anaesthetic and postoperative management of a patient undergoing intra-cranial aneurysm surgery

733. o Hydrocephalus and its various methods of management

734. o what is cerebral protection? Explain the methods adopted in clinical practice for cerebral protection 4. Discuss the perioperative management of cerebral AVM

735. o Anaesthetic management of a case of pituatory adenoma for transphenoidalhypophysectomy

736. o Intraoperative problems of neurosurgical procedures under anaesthesia in sitting position

737. o A 25 years old man presents with marked features of acromegaly and is posted for Discuss the anaesthetic management

738. o Discuss the regulation of ICP. Describe the methods available for reducing it under anaesthesia

739. o Describe the preop evaluation and anesthetic management of a 20 years old male scheduled for cerebral AV MALFORMATION surgery.

740. o Anaesthesia for Bariartric Surgery.

741. o Morbid obesity-its anaesthetic implication

742. o Discuss the anaesthetic techniques and postoperative problems in an obese patient for large hernia of interior abdominal wall

743. o Define morbid obesity. Enumerate the changes that occur in the respiratory,cardiovascular and metabolic systems in obesity. A 40 year old patient with height 158 cms and weighing 150 ks is scheduled for pyelolithotomy. How will you evaluate this patient preoperatively? Discuss the problems involved and the anaesthetic management

744. o Describe obesity and problems related to this. How would you manage the anaesthesia and choice of anaesthetic agent

745. o Discuss the perioperative problems in a patient with morbid obesity(Dec 2008).

746. o Discuss the problems and their anaesthetic implications of a 40 year old morbidly obese patient scheduled for gastric banding

747. o Define BMI. Classify obesity and discuss the anaesthetic considerations in a morbidly obese patients

748. o Discuss the preoperative evaluation of a 25 year old man with OSA scheduled for laparotomy. How would you prepare him for surgery

749. o Classify obesity. Describe preoperative evaluation, preparation and anesthetic goals in a 30 year old female scheduled for bariatric surgery

750. o How will you evaluate a patient of obstructive sleep apnoea scheduled for an elective laparotomy. Briefly describe the preop prep of such patient.

751. o Describe the tumescent technique for local anesthesia in a patient undergoing liposuction and abdominoplasty

752. o 65)Anaesthesia for Renal and GUT

753. o Describe the anaestheticassessment and management of a 70 year old patient posted for What are the possible complications and how will you treat them?

754. o Anaesthetic management of 80 years old male kept for TURP

755. o Anaesthetic considerations of a patient on pacemaker for TURP

756. o What are the problems associated with anaesthesia for an elective surgery in a patient of chronic renal failure

757. o Discuss the anaesthetic concerns in a patient with end stage renal disease. Differentiate between peritoneal dialysis and haemodialysis.

758. o Describe clinical presentation,pathophysiology and management of TURP syndrome

759. o A 70 year old male with a drug eluting stent placed two years ago following myocardial infarction is scheduled for TURP. Describe the anesthetic management

760. o Anaesthesia and Hepatobiliary System .

761. o HEPATO RENAL SYNDROME

762. o Discuss the patho-physiology of hepatorenal syndrome. What are the measures to prevent it?

763. o Describe briefly the diagnosis,patholophysiology and treatment of heaptorenal syndrome in a case of advanced liver cirrhosis

764. o LIENO -RENAL SHUNT

765. o Pre anaesthetic evaluation and preparation of a patient with portal hypertension for leno renal shunt

766. o Write preoperative evaluation and preparation of a patient with portal HTN scheduled for L-R shunt

767. o A 40 year old patient with portal hypertension is scheduled for lieno renal shunt. Outline the pre-operative evaluation,preparation and anaesthetic management of this patient

768. o Anaesthetic considerations in Chronic liver Failure

769. o A patient with obstructive jaundice(Serum bilirubin 20 mg%) is posted for Whipple’s Discuss preoperative evaluation and anaesthetic management of this case

770. o Describe the risk stratification of a patient with deranged liver functions scheduled for partial liver resection

771. o Enumerate the functions of liver. Discuss the anaesthetic implications in a patient with cirrhosis and ascites

772. o 67)Anaesthesia for Organ Transplantation.

773. o RENAL TRANSPLANT

774. o How do you plan for renal transplant surgery? Draw plan for an operation theatre exclusively for renal transplant surgery

775. o Pre-operative evaluation of a case with CRF posted for renal transplant

776. o Discuss the preoperative evaluation,preparation and anaesthetic management of a patient with transplanted kidney presenting for incidental elective surgery

777. o LIVER TRANSPLANT

778. o Anaesthetic problems of liver transplantation surgery

779. o HEART TRANSPLANT

780. o A patient who has undergone heart transplant requires non cardiac surgery. What precautions must be undertaken by an anaesthetic for surgery

781. o 68)Anaesthesia for Laparoscopic Surgery.

782. o Problems of laparoscopic surgery and monitoring techniques used during the procedure

783. o Discuss the physiological changes due to pneumoperitoneum in laparoscopic abdominal List the intra-operative complications

784. o Describe the preanesthetic preparation of a patient with prosthetic heart valves on warferin posted for laproscopic cholecystectomy

785. obstretic anaesthesia

786. o PIH

787. o HELLP SYNDROME

788. o Diagnosis and management of HELLP syndrome

789. o HELLP syndrome:role of anaesthesiologist

790. o Define pre-eclampsia and eclampsia. discuss the pathophysiology. Formulate,with reasons the anaesthetic technique for such a patient posted for

791. o Describe the problems,complications and anesthetic management of CS in a patient with pre-eclamptic toxemia

792. o Discuss the pathophysiological changes in pre-eclampsia and eclampsia. Discuss your choice of anaesthetic technique for such a patient for emergency CS.

793. o A 25 years primi gravid in 34 weeks of pregnancy with PIH presented with a BP of 200/110 mmHg for an elective LSCS. Discuss the problems involved and the anaesthetic management

794. o Mg SO4 therapy

795. o A 35 weeks pregnant pt with BP of 200/100 mmHg,edema and albuminuria is to be prepared for elective CS. Discuss preparation and preferred anaesthesia technique(regional or general)

796. o Anaesthetic management of patient with severe pre eclampsia for CS

797. o Discuss the perioperative evaluation and management of a 30 year old primi admitted at 36 weeks of pregnancy with eclampsia presenting for emergency LSCS

798. o Define PIH. How it is different from essential hypertention. Describe the anesthetic management of a 25 year old patient with 38 wks of pregnancy scheduled for emergency LSCS AND elective LSCS.

799. o NON OBSTETRIC SURGERY DURING PREGNANCY

800. o A female patient aged 32 with 5 months amenorrhoea suffered from Koch’s mid dorsal spine developed paraplegia. She is scheduled for anterolateral decompression surgery. Discuss pre-operative preparation,anaesthetic management and postoperative care

801. o Anaesthetic management of emergency appendicectomy in a 16 weeks pregnant patient

802. o Anaesthesia for a pregnant woman for non-obstetric surgery

803. o Laparoscopic surgery in a pregnant patient

804. outline the anaesthetic management of a female with 28 weeks pregnancy scheduled for emergency appendicectomy

805. o Describe the physiological changes of cardiovascular and respiratory systems in pregnancy. Discuss the anaesthetic considerations and management of pregnant patient undergoing non-obstetric surgery during first trimester

806. outline the perioperative considerations in an obstretic patient for non obstretic surgical intervention

807. o ANAESTHESIA FOR CS

808. o Mendelson’s syndrome

809. o Discuss the pathogenesis,clinical features and management of mendelson’s syndrome

810. o Aspiration prophylaxis in obstetrics

811. o What is Mendelson’s syndrome? Enumerate acid aspiration prophylaxis in a patient scheduled for emergency CS

812. o PHYSIOLOGICAL CHANGESDUE TO PREGNANCY

813. o Describe physiological changes occurring during pregnancy and clinical implications to the anaesthesiologist

814. o Supine hypotension syndrome

815. o Techniques to prevent hypotension after SA in CS

816. o What are the objectives of premedication in a patient scheduled for elective CS? Describe the drugs used with their doses and rationale

817. o PREGNANCY AND CO-EXISTING DISEASE

818. o A patient of COA is scheduled for CS. Discuss the preoperative preparation,anaesthetic management and postoperative care of the patient

819. o Medical diseases and obstetrics

820. o Problems and management of pregnant patient with dilated cardiomyopathy on treatment for emergency LSCS

821. o Pre-anaesthetic evaluation of a patient of MS for MTP and sterilization

822. o Discuss the pre operative evaluation and management of a 30 year old female patient who underwent mitral valve replacement 6 months ago and is now scheduled for MTP with laparoscopic sterilization

823. o Enumerate the perioperative problems and anaesthetic management of a 28 year old patient with MS for elective CS

824. o A HIV positive patient is scheduled for elective CS. Describe the precautions for the management of this patient

825. o LABOUR ANALGESIA

826. o Describe the various regimens for painless labour

827. o Modern trends in obstetric analgesia.

828. o Describe innervations of female genital tract with a diagram and discuss methods of producing painless labour

829. o Discuss the physiological changes secondary to pain in labour. Describe the role of para-cervical and pudendal nerve blocks in obstetric analgesia

830. o Draw a labeled diagram of labor pain pathway. Describe method,advantages and disadvantages of preferred technique of labor analgesia

831. oRTHO/ENT/OPTHALM/PAED/MISC.

832. o Amniotic fluid embolism

833. o Role of anaesthesiologist in an obstetric unit

834. o Regional Vs GA in obstetric surgery

835. o Medical aspect and obstetrics

836. o What are the causes of obstetric haemorrhage? Describe its management including anaesthesia

837. o Describe in a step wise manner management of uterine atony during caesarean section.

838. o Describe the use of tranaxemic acid and activated factor VII in management of obstretic haemorrhage

839. o Anaesthesia for Orthopaedics.

840. o TOTAL HIP REPLACEMENT

841. o A 60 year old women with RA is for THR. Discuss the anaestheticproblems and management

842. o An 80 year old male is posted for total hip replacement. Discuss the pre-operative evaluation, preparation and anaesthetic management of this case

843. o Anaesthetic consideration of a patient for surgery for fracture neck of femur,one year after CABG

844. o An 86 year old patient is scheduled for open reduction and internal fixation of subtronchanteric fracture of femur. Discuss the preoperative evaluation and anaesthetic management of this patient

845. o Describe the anaesthetic management of an 80 year old male scheduled for THR. Mention the methods of postop pain relief

846. o What are the pre-operative considerations in total hip arthroplasty? What are the goals of its intra-operative management?

847. o What are the causes of intra operative hypotension during total hip replacement? Outline the treatment strategies

848. o TOTAL KNEE REPLACEMENT

849. o Discuss the preanesthetic evaluation, anesthetic management and postop pain management in a 75 years old female scheduled for B/L knee replacement

850. o SCOLIOSIS

851. o Discuss the anaesthetic problems,preoperative preparation and anaesthetic management of a case posted for correction of kyphoscoliosis

852. o Anaesthetic problems in scoliosis surgery

853. o FAT EMBOLISM

854. o Discuss in detail the etiology,pathophysiology,diagnosis and treatment of fat embolism syndrome(June 2002)

855. o RA technique for upper extremity surgery

856. o What are the indications and contraindications for use of arterial tourniquet. What complication may arise from the use of such tourniquet

857. o Problems encountered by anaesthetists during the orthopaedic operative procedures

858. o Risk factors for venous thromboembolism and classify the current methods of prevention with examples

859. o How will you diagnose DVT? Write the methods of prophylaxis and management

860. o How do you diagnose DVT? Describe the predisposing factors and its management

861. o 71)Anaesthesia for Geriartrics.

862. o Enumerate age related changes in CVS,RS,NS and renal systems in geriartric patient which can affect anaestheticmanagement. How do the changes in renal functions affect anaesthetic management?

863. o Describe the process of aging with regard to organ functions and its anesthetic relevance

864. o 72)Anaesthesia for Trauma.

865. o Role of anaesthetist in multiple trauma

866. o Post traumatic fat embolism

867. o How will you do anaesthetic management in 10 years old child with multiple injuries?

868. o Assessment of an adult who sustained multiple trauma of few hours duration

869. o What are the factors that predispose trauma patients to increased anaesthetic risks? Briefly mention their management

870. o Describe the objectives and initial assessment of an adult roadside trauma victim presenting to the emergency department.

871. o 73)Anesthesia for Prehospital Emergency and Trauma Care.

872. o GOLDEN HOUR

873. o What do you mean by the golden hour in trauma? Discuss the role of anaesthetist in resuscitation of trauma patient

874. o what do you mean by golden hour in trauma? Explain the role of anaesthetist in trauma management

875. o TRIAGE

876. o What is Triage? What are triage criteria in relation to trauma?

877. o What do you mean by multi-casulaty triaging? Why is it important? How do you triage victims in the casualty following a mass disaster?

878. o Mention briefly the organization of anesthesia and resuscitative services for disaster management.

879. o Pre-hospital trauma care

880. o 74)Chemical and Biological Warfare Agents:The Role of the Anaesthesiologist.

881. o Enumerate the classical biological warfare agents. Describe physical findings,pathogenesis and treatment of anthrax

882. o 75)Anaesthesia for Eye.

883. o PERFORATING EYE INJURY IN A CHILD

884. o Anaesthesia for perforating injury of the eye in a 3 year old child

885. o A 4 year old child is scheduled for emergency repair of penetrating eye injury of the eye. Discuss the anaesthetic management

886. o Describe the anaesthetic management in a 10 year old child scheduled for perforating eye injury repair

887. o Describe the preoperative evaluation and anaesthetic management of a four year old child with perforating eye injury scheduled for repair under GA

888. o Anaesthesia for squint surgery

889. occulocardiac reflex

890. o Anaesthesia for intraocular surgery

891. o Describe the different anaesthesia techniques practiced for cataract surgery and their complications

892. o Anesthesia for ENT<br />

893. o 1 year old child is scheduled for adenotonsillectomy. Describe the preopassesment and anesthetic management including management of pain.

894. o Describe the options available for maintaining airway during microlaryngeal surgery. What are the anesthetic concerns in a patient undergoing microlaryngeal surgery?

895. o POST- TONSILLECTOMY BLEEDING

896. o Post tonsillectomy bleeding

897. o Anaesthetic management of a case for post-tonsillectomy bleeding

898. o Anaesthetic considerations and management of a child with post-tonsillectomy bleeding

899. o An 8 years old child who underwent tonsillectomy 4 hours ago retuns to the operating table with bleeding from tonsillar site. Describe preparation,preoperative assessment and anaesthetic management of this case

900. o Anaesthetic management of a child with retropharyngeal abscess presenting for surgical drainage

901. o Problems of microlaryngeal surgery

902. o Discuss the anaesthetic management of a 70 year man with carcinoma larynx for total laryngectomy

903. o Describe in detail the anaesthetic management of a patient with coronary artery disease, posted for microlaryngeal surgery. What are the main postoperative problems, their prevention and management

904. o Anaesthesia for Robotic Surgery.

905. o Anaesthetic problems in robotic surgery

906. o What are the anesthetic implications in robotic surgery? Discuss the common postoperative complications after laparoscopic procedures

907. o 78)Anaesthesia for Laser Surgery.

908. o Problems during anaesthesia for laser surgery

909. o Anaesthesia for laser surgery of larynx

910. o Anaesthetic management of laser surgery on tracheobronchisl tract

911. o A 22 year old male patient with multiple papilloma of larynx is scheduled for laser excision. Describe the anaesthetic management

912. o What are the anesthetic implications for laser surgery of the airway? Briefly describe the preventive measures.

913. o 79)Anaesthesia for DCS(AA).

914. o MONITORED ANAESTHESIACARE

915. o Monitored AnaesthesiaCare

916. o Monitored anaesthesia care in a 75 year old man with IHD for cataract surgery

917. o Define monitored anaesthesia care. Discuss its goals and techniques

918. o What is monitored anaesthesia care? Discuss the discharge criteria for a patient after day care surgery.

919. o What is monitored anaesthesia care? Describe minimum monitoring standards for a patient undergoing monitored anaesthesia care

920. o Define monitored anaesthesia care. Eneumerate its goals and indications. Discuss its advantages and disadvantages.

921. o DCS

922. o Anaesthesia for DCS

923. o Discharge criteria in outpatient anaesthesia

924. o Criteria for selection of patients for ambulatory surgery

925. o RA in day care surgery

926. o Describe the criteria for selection of anaesthetic agents for use in DCS. Enumerate the agents of your choice with reasons

927. o A 6 years old boy underwent adenoidectomy under GA as DCS. Enumerate the discharge criteria of this patient

928. o What are the anaesthetic considerations for DCS? Discuss the clinical criteria for recovery a nd discharge after day care surgery

929. o Describe the various drugs used for premedication in patients undergoing ambulatory (outpatient) anesthesia/surgery along with there specific roles80)Anaesthesia at Remote / OUTSIDE OR

930. o Enumerate the general principles of anesthesia outside the OR. Briefly outline the anesthetic plan for 23 year old patient scheduled for oocyte retrival in IVF suite

931. o MRI

932. o MRI and anaesthesia

933. o What are the problems in monitoring an anaesthetized patient in MRI

934. o What are the limitations and hazards of providing anaesthesia in the MRI suite? Describe the anaesthetic management of a 6 months old child with hydrocephalus scheduled for

935. o Describe the anaesthetic management in a patient scheduled for MRI

936. o RD AND RT

937. o Anaesthesia for RT

938. o Anaesthetic management of radio diagnostic procedures

939. o ECT

940. o Anaesthetic considerations for modified ECT

941. o A 60 year old male with refractory depression is scheduled for ECT. Describe the anaesthetic management

942. o Elective cardioversion

943. o CT

944. o Management of a 4 year old child scheduled foe CT brain using an iodine solution(Dec 2000).

945. o 81)Clinical Care in Extreme Environments at High and Low pressure in Space.

946. o What are the problems with acute exposure to high altitude? Discuss briefly the anaesthetic considerations at high altitude

947. o 82)Dental Anesthesia

948. o Anaesthesia for multiple dental extractions in a child with TOF

949. o Problems and role of anaesthetist in dental chair

950. o Discuss in brief the problems of adult patients with Down’s syndrome for multiple teeth extraction

951. o SECTION VI-PAEDIATRIC ANAESTHESIA

952. o ANATOMY OF LARYNX

953. o Tracheo-bronchial tree with diagram

954. o Discuss the anatomy of diaphragm with a diagram. How does it behave under different stages of anaesthesia

955. o Describe the anatomy of larynx and its innervations. What are the differences between neonatal and adult larynx

956. o Describe the innervations of larynx and the palsises following nerve in jury with the help of diagram(s)

957. o Describe the anatomy of larynx with difference in adult and children. What is importance of recurrent laryngeal nerve in anaesthesia practice

958. o How does the paediatric airway differ from that of an adult? What are the implications for an anaesthesiologist

959. o Describe the nerve supply of nasal cavity and larynx. How would you block these nerves for awake nasal intubation?

960. o Describe the anatomy of larynx. How would you anaesthetize the airway for awake intubation

961. o VOCAL CORD PALSIES

962. o Vocal cord palsies with the aid of diagrams of direct laryngoscopic view(Dec 2000).

963. o Anatomy of larynx. Enumerate with diagrams the types of vocal cord palsies

964. o 83)RA in Children.

965. o CAUDAL EPIDURAL IN PAEDIATRICS

966. o Caudal epidural analgesia in anaesthesia practice

967. o What are the indications of caudal epidural in paediatric patient undergoing surgery? Describe the techniques and write its complications

968. o What are the indications of caudal epidural anaesthesia in paediatric patients undergoing surgery? Describe the technique and enumerate its complications

969. o Discuss indications,techniques and complications of caudal epidural block in children

970. o What are the options for providing postoperative pain relief in children? Describe the complications of caudal block and measures to prevent them

971. o Postoperative analgesia in children

972. o Discuss the various methods of postop pain relief in paediatrics

973. o Regional analgesia in children

974. o Postop analgesia in infant for circumscision

975. o Postop analgesia in children for inguinal hernia

976. o Assessment of pain in children

977. o Role of regional anaesthesia in paediatric surgery

978. o Spinal anaesthesia in children

979. o Indications,techniques and complications of spinal anaesthesia in paediatric patients undergoing surgery

980. o What are the methods of pain assessment in infants and children? Discuss the pharmacological management of acute pain in paediatric patients

981. o Paediatric Anesthesia.

982. o TEF

983. o Describe the anatomy and physiology of various types of TEF. Discuss the anaesthetic management

984. o Describe the anaesthetic management of a neonate scheduled for repair of TEF

985. o Discuss the perioperative problems and anaesthetic management of a two days old child scheduled to undergo TEF repair

986. o MENINGO-MYELOCOELE

987. o Preoperative management of a neonate for meningomyelocoele surgery

988. o A neonate for repair of cervical meningo-myelocoele

989. o HYDROCEPHALUS

990. o Preoperative assessment and anaesthetic management of a 2 year old child of hydrocephalus posted for shunt procedure

991. o Discuss the perioperative problems and anaesthetic management of a one year old child with hydrocephalus scheduled for shunt procedure

992. o What are the types of hydrocephalous? What are the anesthetic concerns in a baby with hydrocephalous posted for V-P shunt procedure?

993. o GASTROCHISIS

994. o Discuss the problems,preoperative preparation and anaesthetic management of a neonate posted for repair of gastrochisis

995. o FOREIGN BODY

996. o A 4 year old boy has come in emergency with foreign body in right bronchus. How will u manage for bronchoscopy for such a patient

997. o Anaesthetic management of a 2 year old child for therapeutic bronchoscopy following inhalation of foreign body 2 days ago child could not exhibit any sign of airway obstruction

998. o A 2 year old child weighing 10kg is scheduled for removal of organic foreign body in right Discuss the anaesthetic management

999. o Discuss the pre-operative evaluation and anaesthetic management of a 2 year old child scheduled for removal of foreign body in bronchus

1000. o CDH

1001. o Anaesthetic problems of repair of CDH in a neonate

1002. o Pre-operative evaluation and anaesthetic management of one day old child with CDH

1003. o Describe the pathophysiology,clinical manifestations and anaesthetic management of CDH in a neonate

1004. o What are the anesthetic risks in a premature neonate? Describe the prognostic indicators in a neonate scheduled for repair of congenital diaphragmatic hernia.

1005. o TEMPERATURE REGULATION

1006. o Discuss the regulation of body temperature. How will you prevent hypothermia in a neonate posted for major abdominal surgery

1007. o Temperature regulation in neonate and prevention of hypothermia in neonate during perioperative period

1008. o Heat loss during abdominal surgery in a newborn child

1009. o INGUINAL HERNIA

1010. o <ol>

1011. o months old baby for hernia repair-anaestehtic and postoperative pain management discuss

1012. o </ol>

1013.

1014. o FLUID MANAGEMENT

1015. o Perioperative fluid requirement for a paediatric patient undergoing elective surgery

1016. o Recent advances in intra-operative paediatric fluid management

1017. o Perioperative fluid requirement in small paediatric patients

1018. outline the principles of perioperative fluid therapy in a 10 days old child scheduled for elective surgery

1019. o GENERAL

1020. o Anaesthetic implications of neonatal anaesthesia

1021. o Preoperative considerations in paediatric patients

1022. o Fasting guidelines for children. How does premedication inadults differ from that in

1023. o Discuss the anaesthetic implications and perioperative management of a six month old child scheduled for excision of cystic hygroma

1024. o Enumerate the major concerns for anaesthesiologist in hypertrophic pyloric stenosis in a Write down the anaesthetic management of such a case

1025. o Describe the preop evaluation and anesthetic management of a one month old child with biliary atresia scheduled for laparotomy and repair

1026. o Anesthesia for Paediatric Cardiac Surgery.

1027. o TOF

1028. o A ten year old child suffering from TOF is diagnosed to have brain abscess. outline the perioperative management

1029. o A child with TOF is posted for corrective surgery. Discuss the preoperative evaluation and anaesthetic management of this case

1030. o How will you evaluate a three year old child with systolic murmur scheduled for surgery? Briefly discuss the anaesthetic implications?

1031. o What are the causes and manifestations of congenital cyanotic heart disease. Briefly discuss the principles of anesthetic management in a case of TOF.

1032. o PDA

1033. o Classify CHD. Explain with diagrams the blood flow before and after delivery in PDA

1034. o Write anaesthetic management of a 3 year old child scheduled for PDA ligtion

1035. o Discuss the pathophysiology and clinical presentation of a patient with PDA? Describe the perioperative anesthetic management of an infant posted for surgical closure of PDA.

1036. o 86)Paediatric and Neonatal Intensive Care.

1037. o Assessment of pain in children

1038. o Discuss briefly different modes used for neonatal ventilation

1039. o 87)Fetal Anaesthesia.

1040. o Draw a neat labeled diagram of fetal circulation and delineate the difference from adult

1041. o Anaesthetic implications of fetal surgery

1042. o Draw a labeled diagram to illustrate the fetal circulation. What are the circulatory changes that occur at birth?

1043. o Describe fetal circulation. Describe the process of conversion of fetal into adult circulation.

1044. o POSTOPERATIVE AND CRITICAL CARE

1045. o POSTOP SHIVERINGPERIOPERATIVE HYPO THERMIA

1046. o Post-op shivering

1047. o Postoperative hypothermia its causes,prophylaxis and management

1048. o Discuss pathophysiology and management of shivering in PACU

1049. o Post anaesthesia shivering-implications and management

1050. o Breifly describe thermoregulation in human body. Discuss the impact of perioperative hypothermia.

1051. o APACHE score

1052. oxygen therapy in the postoperative period

1053. o Postoperative jaundice

1054. o Post-operative elective ventilation

1055. o Postoperative pulmonary complications

1056. o Causes and management of postoperative hypoxemia

1057. o -what are the factors leading to arterial hypoxemia in the PACU? Discuss the differential diagnosis

1058. o Planning of PACU

1059. o Describe the techniques of chest physiotherapy? What is its role in the post surgical period

1060. o What are the criteria for discharge from PACU?

1061. o What is postoperative jaundice? Describe its cause

1062. o 89)PONV.

1063. o Post anaesthetic vomiting

1064. o PONV for ophthalmology

1065. o Enumerate the risk factors for PONV. Discuss its management

1066. o Enumerate the risk factors for PONV. Discuss measures to prevent and its management

1067. o Describe the risk factors and predictors of PONV. Describe its management in the pre-operative period

1068. o 90)Acute Postoperative Pain.

1069. o PRE EMPTIVE ANALGESIA

1070. o Discuss the various methods of providing postoperative pain relief. What do you understand from the term pre-emptive analgesia

1071. o Pre-emptive analgesia

1072. o Current concepts in pre-emptive analgesia

1073. o Commonly used techniques and drugs for postoperative pain relief

1074. o Pain relief for fracture ribs

1075. o Acute pain management service

1076. outline the various modalities for management of postoperative pain following major abdominal surgery. Enumerate the differences between acute and chronic pain

1077. o 92)Cognitive Dysfunction and Other Longterm Complications of Surgery

1078. o Central anticholinergic syndrome in postoperative period

1079. o Types of post operative cognitive dysfunction(POCD). Enumerate the method to detect POCD in clinical practice

1080. o 93)Postoperative Visual Loss.

1081. o Enumerate causes of postoperative visual loss. Describe the pathophysiology and its management

1082. o -CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE

1083. o POISONING

1084. oP POISONING

1085. o Clinical manifestations and management of acute OP poisoning

1086. o What are the clinical features of organophosphorous poisoning? How will you manage a patient of oragnophosphorous poisoning in ICU?

1087. o What are the signs and symptoms of organophosphorous poisoning? Describe its treatment and late complications.

1088. o CO POISONING/ PARACETAMOL/CYANIDE

1089. o Discuss the pathophysiology and management of a case of carbon monoxide poisoning

1090. o Describe briefly pathophysiology,signs,symptoms,diagnosis and treatment of carbon dioxide poisoning

1091. o Write clinical features,diagnosis and management of a case of paracetamol poisoning

1092. o Methhemoglobinemia and anaesthetist

1093. o Discuss the signs and symptoms,pathophysiology and management of cyanide toxicity

1094. o NOSOCOMIAL INFECTIONS

1095. o What are the common nosocomial infections in the ICU? Discuss the measures for prevention of VAP

1096. o The factors influencing tissue oxygenation

1097. o Discuss the management of a patient with snake bite

1098. o What are the determinants of cardiac output and discuss various non-invasive methods of measurement of cardiac output

1099. o A 65 year old patient,chronic cigarette smoker is admitted to emergency department with acute respiratory distress and altered sensorium. His ABG reveals Pao2 50 mmHg,Paco2 85 mmHg, pH-7. 10. Discuss your plan of management

1100. o What is mixed venous oxygen saturation and its importance in critical care setup? How is it measured

1101. o Critical Care Protocol.

1102. o MECHANICAL VENTILATION:-

1103. o ]WEANING

1104. o Weaning from prolonged ventilation

1105. o Weaning modes of ventilation

1106. o Weaning criteria in a patient of COPD on ventilator

1107. o Enumerate the predictors of weaning from mechanical ventilation(June 2009).

1108. o Enumerate the predictors of weaning a patient on prolonged ventilatory support in the ICU

1109. o ]MODES

1110. o Pressure support ventilation

1111. o Mandatory minute ventilation

1112. o Inverse ratio ventilation

1113. o Pressure Controlled Ventilation

1114. o Write briefly on newer modes of ventilation. Discuss each of theseventilatory modality with reference to an established case of ARDS.

1115. o Newer modes of ventilation

1116. o Non invasive ventilation

1117. o Permissive hypercapnia

1118. o ]COMPLICATION

1119. o Volutrauma

1120. o Long term ventilation and its complication

1121. oxygen toxicity

1122. o Ventilator associated pneumonia-what are the causes and preventive measures possible?

1123. o ]PEEP

1124. o PEEP and its application in anaesthesia

1125. o Describe PEEP,its mechanism of action,uses and complications

1126. o Compare and contrast PEEP and CPAP

1127. o What is PEEP? How does it improve arterial pO2? What are its disadvantages?

1128. o ]IPPV

1129. o Physiological changes associated with

1130. o Applied physiology of IPPV

1131. o ]ANALGESIA /SEDATION/PARALYSIS

1132. o Use of muscle relaxants in ICU

1133. o Enumerate the role of sedation in ICU patients

1134. o The role of sedation in ICU patients

1135. o Enumerate the role of analgesics and sedation in patients on ventilator therapy in ICU

1136. o Describe about current openion on managing pain in ICU. What is the role of sedation in ICU patients

1137. o }BURNS

1138. o Discuss the management of a case of 40% burns

1139. o Discuss the pathophysiology and management of inhalational injury

1140. o Management of an adult with smoke inhalational injury

1141. o Resuscitation of a patient with 60% deep burn injury

1142. o Anaesthesia for burnt patient

1143. o Discuss the principles,assessment and methods of analgesia for pain relief in burns

1144. o Assessment and resuscitation of patient with severe burns

1145. o Describe the initial assessment and resuscitation in a 25 year old female with massive burns evacuated from the site of fire

1146. o ARDS

1147. o Describe the pathogenesis and management of adult respiratory distress syndrome

1148. o Describe the ventilatory management of ARDS

1149. o Recent advances in the management of ALI and ARDS

1150. o Permissive hypercapnia

1151. o What is ARDS? Discuss the ventilator strategies in a patient of ARDS

1152. o What are the diagnostic criteria for ARDS. DESCRIBE THE VENTILATOR strategies for management of ARDS

1153. o Discuss in brief causes, management and outcome of ARDS. What is the end point of r esuscitation in sepsis?

1154. o SHOCK/SEPSIS

1155. o Discuss the pathophysiology,preventive and corrective measures of irreversible shock

1156. o Define MODS. How do you plan to manage such a case?

1157. o Septic shock

1158. o Role of vasopressors in septic shock

1159. o Enumerate the symptoms of shock and discuss the methods used for assessment of systemic perfusion

1160. o Describe various components of surviving sepsis guidelines

1161. o Define and classify shock. Discuss the recent guidelines for the management of septic shock

1162. o How would you assess a case of septic shock due to pancreatitis? Briefly discuss its management

1163. o Describe the criteria for diagnosis of SIRS. Briefly discuss its management.

1164. o Write an algorithm for the management of early haemorrhagic shock. What are the goals in early resuscitation during active bleeding?

1165. o Describe the pathophysiology of traumatic hemorrhagic shock. Eneumerate the goals, advantages and disadvantages of earLy and late resuscitation practice

1166. o Define and classify shock. Discuss the recent guidelines for the management of CARDIOGENIC shock

1167. o Classify haemorrhagic shock. What are the indications for permissive hypotension? Describe fluid management in a patient with haemorrhagic

1168. o What is anaphylaxis? Describe in a stepwise manner management of hypersensitivity reaction in an anesthetized patient.

1169. o }TRACHEOSTOMY

1170. o Tracheostomy -techniques and complications

1171. o Percutaneous dilational tracheostomy-various techniques and their advantages over conventional tracheostomy

1172. o Enumerate the indications of tracheostomy. Describe different techniques of performing percutaneous dilatational trachesotomy

1173. o 96)Respiratory Care.

1174. oxygen therapy

1175. o -Oxygen therapy in postop period

1176. o High Frequency ventilation

1177. o Discuss methods of humidification

1178. o NIV:advantages,disadvantages and methods of administration

1179. o What is oxygen delivery? Classify oxygen delivery systems. Discuss the role of ventimask in oxygen therapy

1180. o Describe the interfaces used with non invasiveventilation(NIV). What is NIV protocol? Describe the current definitive indication of NIV

1181. o Neurocritical Care.

1182. o Resuscitation of head injury patient

1183. o GCS

1184. o Monitoring and control of raised ICP in head injury

1185. o Methods of decreasing increased ICP

1186. o Management of spinal injury

1187. o Regulation of intracranial tension

1188. o -Discuss the management of intracranial hypertension

1189. o Medical management of head injured patient

1190. o What is cerebral protection? Explain the methods adopted in clinical practice for cerebral protection

1191. o Describe the regulation of ICP and methods available for reducing the pressure under anaesthesia

1192. o What are the pathophysiological insults which exacerbate the primary brain injury following head trauma? How can these effects be reduced?

1193. o What are the indications for ICP monitoring in patients with head injury? describe the ICU management strategies of a patient with severe head injury?

1194. o What is awareness during surgery? Describe methods of monitoring awareness. What are the complications associated with awareness during surgery?

1195. o Describe Glasgow coma score. Describe preoperative management of traumatic brain injury.

1196. o 98)Nutrition and Metabolic Control.

1197. o Present day concept of IV alimentation

1198. o Indications and hazards of parenteral nutrition

1199. o Parenteral nutrition in critically ill patient

1200. o A 50 year old man with COPD is on ventilator in ICU. Plan his enteral feeding and discuss its advantages and disadvantages

1201. o Enteric feeding in the critically ill patient

1202. o -Enteral feeding in the critically ill patients-indications,techniques and complications

1203. o What are the goals of nutritional support in critically ill patients? Describe the daily requirements for proteins,lipids,carbohydrates for a patient with advanced sepsis admitted in the ICU

1204. o How will you calculate the energy requirements in an ICU patient? What are the advantages and disadvantages of parenteral versus enteral nutrition?

1205. o How would u prescribe TPN to a 50 kg patient in ICU? Briefly mention the monitoring of this

1206. o What are the complications of nutritional support in ICU. What are the special consideration in a patient with renal dysfunction.

1207. o 99)RRT.

1208. o What are the problems related to chronic hemodialysis

1209. o What are the indications for RRT? List different modes of RRT. Discuss the role of CRRT in septic shock

1210. o Discuss indications and techniques of RRT. Discuss role of CRRT in septic shock

1211. o What are the indications for renal replacement therapy? Describe its role in MODS

1212. o 100)CPR-BLS and ALS.

1213. o NEONATAL RESUSCITATION

1214. o Neonatal resuscitation in the labour room

1215. o What are the recent guidelines for neonatal resuscitation

1216. o What are the new guidelines for ventilation and external cardiac compression for neonatal resuscitation? What are the drugs (with doses) used for neonatal resuscitation?

1217. o Write down the algorithm for resuscitation of a newborn

1218. o Describe the BLS measure in an adult, who has been brought into the emergency room of the hospital; in a state of cardiac arrest

1219. o Resuscitation of term pregnant patient

1220. o Defibrillation

1221. o Recent advances in CPR).

1222. o Discuss the management of an unconscious young patient with history of drowning

1223. o -Discuss resuscitation of near drowning patient as per modified CPR guidelines

1224. o Airway devices recommended and used for CPR

1225. o Enumerate 5 H’s and 5 T’s as possible causes of cardiac arrest. What it the management of PEA in an unconscious patient?

1226. o Write the PEA algorithm as per the AHA guidelines

1227. o Enumerate the changes in the ACC/AHA guidelines on resuscitation (BLS &amp; ACLS) for management of cardiac arrest in adult

1228. o Describe the physiology of circulation during closed chest compressions. Discuss the algorithm for BLS

1229. o Describe the salient fetures of the CPR as per AHA 2010 guidelines.

1230. o Describe the current role of induced hypothermia after cardiac arrest? What are the complications of hypothermia in a patient of polytrauma?

1231. o 101)Brain Death.

1232. o Describe the criteria and neurological test for brainstem death and preparing the patient for organ donation

1233. o Write in brief the criteria for determination of brain death and clinical tests for confirmation

1234. o Criteria for brain death and the role of anaesthetist (anesthetic management) in organ harvesting

1235. o Describe the criteria for brain death. and its clinical significance.

1236. o Describe the management of a deceased donoe in intensive care

1237. o -ANCILLARY RESPONSIBILITIES AND PROBLEMS

1238. oR Management.

1239. oR pollution

1240. o Sterilization of anaesthesia equipment

1241. o Disinfection

1242. o Pollution in anaesthesia

1243. oT safety

1244. o What is scavenging in OT? What are the five basic parts of a scavenging system? What are the hazards of a scavenging system?

1245. o What are the types of scavenging systems used in OTs. Describe the role of volatile anesthetics in environmental pollution.

1246. o 103)Electrical Safetyin the OR

1247. o Prevention of fire and explosion hazards in OT

1248. o 104)Environmental Safety including Chemical Dependancy.

1249. o Discuss the environmental hazards in the OT and discuss the measures for its prevention

1250. o 105)Statistical Methods &amp; LAWS in Anaesthesia.

1251. o What do you understand by randomization and blinding in a clinical study? What is importance of p-value and power of study?

1252. o What is normal distribution? What is the difference between paired and unpaired student, s t-test? How are two proportions compared between independent samples?

1253. o Describe sensitivity and specificity as diagnostic statistical test

1254. o Describe boyle,s law and its application to anesthesia

1255. o BIOMEDICAL WASTE

1256. o Define biomedical waste. Briefly describe the guidelines for the management of biomedical waste.

1257. o SENARIO BASED

1258. o TURP+PACEMAKER

1259. o Discuss the pre-operative evaluation and anaesthetic management of an 80 year old patient with cardiac pacemaker for TURP

1260. outline the anaesthetic management of a 70 year old patient with permanent pacemaker scheduled for TURP

1261. o Discuss the anaesthetic management of a 60 year old patient for resection of carcinoma sigmoid colon with history of MI sustained 10 weeks ago

1262. o Preoperative evaluation and preparation and anaesthesia management of a known case of bronchial asthma posted for radical mastectomy

1263. o A patient of coarctation of aorta is scheduled for CS. Discuss the preoperative preparation, anaesthetic management and post-operative care of the patient

1264. o Anaesthetic management of a patient with suspected posterior fossa tumor with BP 180/90 mmHg, HR-45/min and signs of raised ICT

1265. o A patient for surgery for fracture neck of femur, one year after CABG

1266. o Diabetic patient with autonomic neuropathy for abdominal hysterectomy

1267. o Intraoperative management of 40 years old male with hypertension and IHD for right pyelolithotomy

1268. o Discuss the anaesthetic management of a 20 year old male with achalasia cardia and bronchial asthma for laparoscopic cardiomyotomy

1269. o A 70 year old hypertensive man with CAD is scheduled for TURP. Discuss the anaesthetic management

1270. o Preop evaluation and preparation of 36 years old asthmatic female scheduled for laparoscopic cholecystectomy

1271. o Discuss anaesthetic management of 70 years old hypertensive with CAD scheduled for TURP

1272. o Discuss the preoperative evaluation and anaesthetic management of a 45 year old male with history of MI 3 months back and is scheduled to undergo exploratory laparotomy

1273. o RECENT ADVANCES.

1274. o ANTS (anesthesia non technical skills).

1275. o Levosimendon

1276. o Remifentanyl

1277. o Suggamadex

1278. o Dexmedetomedine

1279. o Desflurane

1280. o Alladincassett vaporizer

1281. o Sepsis guidelines recent (2017).

1282. o Airway guidelines (2015)

1283. o Videolaryngoscopes

1284. o Supraglottic airway devices.

1285. o Newer drug delivery systems (opioids)

1286. o Lung ultrasound (blue protocol0

1287. o Recent advances in post-op pain management (pediatric &amp; adult).

1288. obstructive sleep apnoea (stop bang criteria)

1289. o Blood substitutes

1290. o Recent advances in perioperative fluid management (3rd space concept)

1291. o Newer modes of ventilation (NAVA/HFV/LIQUID/HELIOX).

1292. o PARAVERTEBRAL BLOCK ANATOMY

1293. o Anesthesia for fetal surgeries.

1294. o Recent guidelines for neonatal resuscitation. (2014)

1295. o Recent advances in neuromuscular monitoring.

1296. o Recent advances in labour analgesia.

1297. oocyte retrival in IVF suites.

1298. o Measures of tissue oxygenation.

SOLVED QUESTION BANK ANAESTHESIA DNB MD ANAESTHESIOLOGY www.docguidance.com/anaesthesia

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